受動態(時制・SVOO/SVOC・群動詞・by 以外の前置詞) ── 問題
基礎
- ( )に入るものを選びなさい。 All the tickets ( ) . (ア have already been sold イ are sold ウ will be sold エ were sold)
- ( )に入るものを選びなさい。 She was surprised ( ) the news. (ア at イ with ウ by エ in)
- 誤りを含む文はどれですか。 (ア The accident was happened last night. イ This song is loved by many people. ウ The book was written in 1900. エ The window was broken by the ball.)
標準
- 次の文を受動態にしたとき正しいものはどれですか。 Yuki sent me a letter. (ア I was sent to a letter by Yuki. イ A letter was sent to me by Yuki. ウ A letter was sent me by Yuki.)
- 同じ意味になるように( )に入るものを選びなさい。 It is said that the king died young. = The king is said ( ) young. (ア to have died イ to died ウ to have been エ to be)
- 次の文を受動態に書きかえるとき( )に入る 1 語を書きなさい。 Everyone laughed at his idea. → His idea was laughed ( ) by everyone.
- ( )に入るものを選びなさい。 The new library ( ) next to the station now. (ア is building イ has built ウ is being built エ builds)
- ( )に入るものを選びなさい。 The children were made ( ) the room before dinner. (ア clean イ cleaning ウ to clean エ cleaned)
- ( )に入るものを選びなさい。 This kind of cheese is made ( ) goat's milk. (ア in イ from ウ by エ of)
発展
- ( )に入るものを選びなさい。 The bridge ( ) by the time the typhoon came. (ア is completed イ was completing ウ has been completed エ had been completed)
- 次の文と同じ意味の文はどれですか。 People believe that the castle was built in the 16th century. (ア The castle is believed to have been built in the 16th century. イ The castle believes to have been built in the 16th century. ウ The castle is believed to be built in the 16th century. エ The castle was believed to build in the 16th century.)
- ( )に入るものを選びなさい。 This novel ( ) well in Japan. (ア sells イ sold ウ is selling エ is sold)
受動態(時制・SVOO/SVOC・群動詞・by 以外の前置詞) ── 解答
基礎
- ア have already been sold 受動態は be + 過去分詞で、時制は be の部分で表す。進行形なら is/are being + 過去分詞、完了なら has/have been + 過去分詞、未来なら will be + 過去分詞。答え:have already been sold。
- ア at interested in・surprised at・satisfied/pleased/covered/filled with・known to 人・known for 理由・made of 材料・made from 原料・caught in・tired of。答え:at。
- ア The accident was happened last night. happen は自動詞なので受動態にできない。The accident happened last night. が正しい。
標準
- イ A letter was sent to me by Yuki. SVOO は「物」主語のとき人の前に to/for。SVOC は補語をそのまま残す。使役・知覚動詞の受動態では to 不定詞が復活。群動詞は前置詞を落とさない。答え:A letter was sent to me by Yuki.。
- ア to have died It is said that S + V = S is said to + 原形。that 節が主節より前の時制(過去)なら to have + 過去分詞(完了不定詞)。答え:to have died。
- at 群動詞はかたまりごと受動態にし、前置詞・副詞を落とさない。SVOO の物主語では give は to、make は for。答え:at。
- ウ is being built 「今建設されている最中」は進行形の受動態 is being + 過去分詞。
- ウ to clean 使役 make の受動態では to 不定詞が復活する(be made to + 原形)。
- イ from 原料の形が変わるものは be made from。材料が見てわかるものは be made of。
発展
- エ had been completed 台風が来た(過去)より前に完成していた → 過去完了の受動態 had been + 過去分詞。
- ア The castle is believed to have been built in the 16th century. that 節が主節より前の時制で、しかも受動態 → to have been + 過去分詞。
- ア sells sell well「よく売れる」は能動態で受動の意味を表す。
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